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Abstract

Rational drug use is a critical component of improving healthcare quality. However, irrational prescribing remains a significant concern, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. This study evaluates drug use patterns at a Type B hospital in Bandung using WHO standard: average number of drugs per prescription, percentage of generic drugs, antibiotics, injections, and adherence to the National Formulary. A retrospective, descriptive observational method was applied, using 2024 inpatient Drug Use Evaluation (DUE) data. Findings reveal an average of 3.4 drugs per prescription—slightly above the WHO standard (≤ 3.3); 68.4% of prescriptions used generic drugs (meeting the WHO standard ≥ 59%); antibiotic use was 13.9% (within the WHO standard ≤ 43%); injection use was 32.3% (exceeding the standard ≤ 17%); and National Formulary adherence was 90.3% (below the ideal 100%). These results suggest that while generic and antibiotic use align with WHO standard, improvements are needed in reducing polypharmacy, ensuring formulary compliance, and evaluating the high use of injectable drugs for safety and efficacy. The study highlights the need for stronger policies on rational drug use, continuous training for healthcare professionals, and regular monitoring to enhance pharmaceutical care quality. Further research is recommended to identify contributing factors to non-compliance and to develop targeted intervention strategies.

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