Analisis kandungan logam berat aluminium (Al), dan timbal (Pb) pada buah jambu biji varietas kristal (Psidium guajava L.) dan tanah di desa Bumiaji, kota Batu

Hidayati Karamina, Ariani Trisna Murti, Tri Mudjoko

Abstract


Sari. Bumiaji merupakan kawasan wisata yang terletak di Kota Batu. Dengan suhu mencapai 20oC menyebabkan Bumiaji menjadi tempat pengembangan kawasan yang cocok untuk penanaman tanaman hortikultura contohnya jambu biji varietas kristal. Budidaya jambu biji varietas kristal tidak lepas dengan pemeliharaan tanaman dengan cara pengaplikasian pupuk organik maupun anorganik dan pestisida dalam jumlah banyak dan dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Usaha-usaha peningkatan hasil produksi di atas ternyata dapat memberikan dampak kurang baik bagi lingkungan sekitar khususnya tanah. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar jumlah logam berat yang berada pada tanah dan buah jambu biji varietas kristal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis Deskriptif sedangkan untuk metode analisis uji logam berat menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectophotometer (AAS). Hasil dari analisa tanah dengan pengambilan sample 0 – 30 cm dan 30 – 60 cm ditemukan bahwa logam berat Al di berbagai umur tanaman 11 tahun, 6 tahun, 5 tahun melebihi batas normal dan masuk kedalam ambang batas kritis logam berat. Kedua jenis logam berat yaitu Al (Aluminium) dan Pb (Timbal) baik pada umur tanaman 11 tahun, 6 tahun dan 5 tahun memasuki tahapan melebihi batas ambang normal logam berat yang seharusnya berada di bagian buah jambu biji varietas kristal

Kata kunci: Logam berat, Jambu biji varietas kristal

 

Abstract. Bumiaji region is one of tourist destination in Batu city. This area has temperature around 20 that appropriate for horticulture product including crystal guava. One of cultivation treatment for this commodity is organic fertilizer adding. Another treatment for crystal guava commonly by inorganic fertilizer and pesticide application in high dose on long duration. It will be damage problem for environment especially for soil. Thus, this study was aimed for discovering the amount of the heavy metal Al and Pb contained in the soil and Crystal Guava. This study used descriptive analytic method along with using - Atomic Absorption Spectophotometer (AAS) for testing the heavy metal. The results of this study which concerned on the content of metal of metal Al in 0 – 30 cm and 30 - 60 cm soil depth showed that the highest metal essence was in 11 years, 6 years, 5 years exceeded the normal limits and entered the critical threshold of heavy metals. Both types of heavy metals namely Al (Aluminum) and Pb (Lead) both at the age of 11 years, 6 years and 5 years enter the stage beyond the normal threshold of heavy metals which should be in the crystal variety guava

Keyword : Heavy metal, Crystal Guava


References


Aiyen. 2005. Ilmu remediasi untuk atasi pencemaran tanah di Aceh dan Sumatera Utara. Harian Kompas 4 Maret 2005.

Alloway, B. J. 1995. The Origins of heavy Metals in Soils. In B. J. Alloway (Ed.) heavy Metals in Soils, Blackie Academic and professional pp. 38 – 57.

Azis, E. E., N. Gad. and N. M. Badren. 2007. Effect of plumbum and aluminium on plant growth system of quercus ilex trees and effects of selected ligands present in the xylem sap. Journal of Plant physiology. 166 (2) : 270-277.

Barchia, M.F. 2009. Agroekosistem Tanah Mineral Masam. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta

Charlena. 2004. Pencemaran logam berat Timbal (Pb) dan Cadmium (Cd) pada sayur - sayuran. http:// www. rudyct. com/ PPS702 ipb/09145/charlena.pdf. Diakses tanggal 29 November 2011

Darmono. 2006. Lingkungan Hidup dan Pencemaran: Hubungannya Dengan Toksikologi Senyawa Logam. UI Press. Jakarta. p. 25-50.

Environmental Protection Agency [EPA]. 1973. Water Qualitiy Criteria. EPA. Ecology Research Series. Washington.

Fardiaz, S. 1992. Polusi Air & Udara. Kanisius. Yogyakarta

Fonte, S. J. and E. Y. Quansah. 2009. Fertilizer and residue quality effects on organic matter stabilization in soil aggregates. J. of Soil Science. 73 (1): 961-966

Kidd, P., J. Barcelo., M. P. Bernal., F. Navari Izzo., C. Poschenrieder., S. Shilev., R. Clemente. and C. Monterrose. 2009. Trace element behavior at the root soil interface. Implication in phytoremediation. Journal Enviromental and Experimentl Botany. 67(1) : 243-259.aaaa

Lahuddin, M. 2007. Aspek unsur mikro dalam kesuburan tanah. USU Press. Medan

Liu, A. and A. A. Bomke. 2004. Effect of cover crops on soil aggregate stability, total organic carbon and polysacharides. J. Soil Science. 69 (1): 2041-2048.

Marschener, H. 2002. Mineral nutrition of higher plant. San diego, Ca. Academic Press London. p.902.

Ministry of state for popultion environment of Indonesia and Dalhouse. 1992. Phytoremediation of heavy metals. University Canada. Plant and Soil Corp. p. 120-125.

Miller, M. H. and R. L. Donahu. 2013. Soils an introduction to soils and plant growth. Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey. p. 768.

Nagajyoti P.C., Lee K. D. and Sreekanth, T.V.M . 2010. Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review. Environ Chem Lett 8 (3):199–216

Naidu, R., R and N. S. Bolan. 2008. Contaminant chemistry in soils : Key concepts and bioavaiblability. In chemical bioavailabilitiy in Terrestrial environment, ed. R. Naidu. Elsevier, Amsterdam the Netherlands, pp. 9-38

Palar, H. 2008. Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat.Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta Palar, Heryando. 2008. Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat. PT Rineka Cipta. Jakarta.

Palar, H. 2008. Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat. PT. Rineka Cipta. Jakarta.

Rahma, H., S. Sabreen., S. Alam and S. Kawa. 2010. Effects of aluminium ongrowth and composition of metal micronutrients in barley plants grown in nutrient solution. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 28 (2): 393-404

Sutanto, R. 2002. Penerapan pertanian organik pemasyarakatan dan pengembangannya. Kanisius. Yogyakarta

Squires, V. R. 2001. Soil pollution and remediation: issues, progress and prospects. Di dalam: Prosiding Workshop Vegetation Recovery in Degraded land Areas. Kalgoorlie, Australia, 27 Okt-3 Nov 2001. hlm 11-20




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v17i3.18900

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Jurnal Kultivasi Indexed by:

       width=    

 

 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


View Jurnal Kultivasi Stat