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Abstract

In the rapid technological development, physical boundaries have begun to disappear. The internet has created a ‘free culture’. In addition, the era is challenging the copyright concept along with the emergence of ‘digital copyright’. It has become the main commodity of Over-the-Top services providing means of communication and entertainment through the internet. Content streaming service like Netflix uses films, as well as other cinematographic works, as its main commodities. OTT Streaming media helps to protect copyright holders' rights that previously have been violated by illegal streaming sites on the internet. Unfortunately, it also raises a new question: how digital copyright-objects can be protected in this kind of service. Without physical form, copyright object can be distributed easily on the internet, and it may lead to right violations. To answer this problem, the authors aim to describe the digital copyright protection on OTT Streaming Content Media in Indonesia and compare them to the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) of the United States of America using a descriptive-analytical approach. This study employed a normative juridical approach with secondary data. The results of this study indicate that digital copyright protection in Indonesia is still centered on conventional copyright objects, and a sui generis law is needed to provide better protection for digital copyright objects.

Perbandingan Perlindungan Hak Cipta Digital pada Media Over The Top (OTT) Streaming Content di Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat

Abstrak

Di era perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat, batasan fisik mulai hilang dan internet telah memunculkan ‘budaya bebas’ yang bisa diakses setiap orang. Hak cipta merupakan salah satu konsep yang kembali diuji dalam era digital ini dengan kemunculan “hak cipta digital” yang menjadi komoditas utama layanan “Over the Top” yang dapat memberikan sarana komunikasi dan hiburan lewat internet. Salah satu bentuk layanan ini merupakan layanan streaming content, seperti Netflix yang menggunakan film sebagai karya sinematografi sebagai komoditas utamanya. Kehadiran media OTT Streaming Content ini menjadi jawaban bagi perlindungan hak pemegang hak cipta yang selama ini dilanggar dengan situs-situs streaming ilegal di internet, sekaligus memunculkan pertanyaan baru: bagaimana perlindungan hak cipta digital dalam layanan tersebut. Tanpa memerlukan bentuk fisik, tentunya objek hak cipta akan semakin mudah tersebar luas di internet dan berpotensi untuk memunculkan pelanggaran. Atas permasalahan tersebut, penulis akan membahas secara deskriptif analitis mengenai perlindungan hak cipta digital pada Media OTT Streaming Content dalam hukum positif Indonesia, sekaligus memberikan perbandingan dengan Digital Millenium Copyright Act 1998 (DMCA) dari Amerika Serikat yang telah memberikan perlindungan serupa terhadap hak cipta digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan jenis data sekunder. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hak cipta digital di Indonesia masih berpusat pada objek hak cipta konvensional, sehingga diperlukan peraturan sui generis untuk memberikan proteksi lebih baik terhadap objek hak cipta di era digital.

Kata Kunci: DMCA, konten streaming, over the top.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n2.a2

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DOI

https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n2.a2

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